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HIV management in Australia – Part 2 + extended learning activity

CPD Alison Duncan, Kate Mackie and Stav Mantas - February 7, 2022

As health professionals who see PLHIV at each dispensing of their regular medication, pharmacists are able to contribute to their optimal management through the provision of both medicine and lifestyle advice as well as vaccination services.

HIV management in Australia – Part 1

CPD Alison Duncan and Kate Mackie - January 12, 2022

Pharmacists must provide respectful care to all people living with HIV, ensure health-related information is kept confidential, and adapt care to culturally and linguistically diverse populations

Pharmacists become central figures in HIV screening

Industry Chloe Hava - December 1, 2021

This World AIDS Day (1 December) comes with a raft of new screening offerings for patients with HIV, available in pharmacies nationwide in the coming months.

Can pharmacists help eliminate HIV by 2020?

Industry Mikaela Dery - May 21, 2019

New research published in the Lancet has confirmed the efficacy of antiretrovirals in preventing the transmission of HIV. But rates of infection are increasing...

Lung cancer

CPD Danielle Woolley and Vivian Day - May 1, 2022

Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related death in Australia. Pharmacists have a key role in the education of patients on new targeted therapy and in the identification and management of adverse effects of treatment.

Acute pain and fever management: considerations for infants and toddlers

CPD Dr Catherine Panwar - April 1, 2022

Along with correct medication administration techniques, it is important for pharmacists to improve parents’ and caregivers’ general understanding of the pain or fever that a child presents with.

Knowledge of the differences between various preparations of combined oral contraceptive pill can help pharmacists guide women in their use

Finding the right oral contraceptive pill

CPD Dr Terri Foran - February 7, 2022

Pharmacists can help women by providing advice on appropriate contraceptive options, recognising potential drug interactions, and providing education on the appropriate action to take when pills are missed or late.

Healthcare use in disadvantaged groups

CPD Karinna Saxby - February 7, 2022

Pharmacists can support patients from different disadvantaged populations to access appropriate healthcare in many ways, including providing education to increase health literacy and creating a welcoming and inclusive space.

Early elixir: brompheniramine, a first-generation antihistamine

Industry Dr Leigh Dayton - February 1, 2022

For over 70 years brompheniramine has been used to stifle sneezes … but not for everyone.

How ex-construction worker Sean Richardson MPS is building his pharmacy career

Industry AP Staff - December 22, 2021

When an injury cut short his career in construction, Sean Richardson MPS threw himself into pharmacy study and discovered a newfound passion for healthcare.

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Rosuvastatin	Ridker Paul M, MacFadyen Jean G, Fonseca Francisco AH, et al. Number needed to treat with rosuvastatin to prevent first cardiovascular events and death among men and women with low low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and elevated high-sensitivity c-reactive protein. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2009;2(6):616–23.
Atorvastatin	Sever PS, Dahlöf B, Poulter NR, et al. Prevention of coronary and stroke events with atorvastatin in hypertensive patients who have average or lower-than-average cholesterol concentrations, in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial--Lipid Lowering Arm (ascot-lla): a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2003;361(9364):1149–58.
Pantoprazole	Pilotto A, Leandro G, Franceschi M. Short- and long-term therapy for reflux oesophagitis in the elderly: a multi-centre, placebo-controlled study with pantoprazole. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2003;17(11):1399–406.
Esomeprazole	Gralnek IM, Dulai GS, Fennerty MB, et al. Esomeprazole versus other proton pump inhibitors in erosive esophagitis: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2006;4(12):1452–8.
Perindopril	Campbell DJ. A review of perindopril in the reduction of cardiovascular events. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2006;2(2):117–24.
Cefalexin	Rosengren H, Heal CF, Buttner PG. Effect of a single prophylactic preoperative oral antibiotic dose on surgical site infection following complex dermatological procedures on the nose and ear: a prospective, randomised, controlled, double-blinded trial. BMJ Open 2018;8(4):e020213.
Metformin	O'Connor PJ, Spann SJ, Woolf SH. Care of adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A review of the evidence. J Fam Pract 1998;47(5 Suppl):S13–22.
Escitalopram	Montgomery S, Hansen T, Kasper S. Efficacy of escitalopram compared to citalopram: a meta-analysis. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2011;14(2):261–8.
Amoxicillin	Little P, Stuart B, Moore M, et al. Amoxicillin for acute lower-respiratory-tract infection in primary care when pneumonia is not suspected: a 12-country, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Infect Dis 2013;13(2):123–9.
Sertraline	Cipriani A, Furukawa TA, Geddes JR, et al. Does randomized evidence support sertraline as first-line antidepressant for adults with acute major depression? A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Psychiatry 2008;69(11):1732–42.
Top 10 drugs	Top 10 drugs 2019–20. Aust Prescr 2020;43:209.

	Grade of recommendation*	Level of agreement (0–10)^†
1. Education and training in ergonomic principles, pacing of activity and use of assistive devices should be offered to every patient	A	9.3 (1.1)
2. Exercises to improve function and muscle strength, as well as to reduce pain, should be considered for every patient	A	9.1 (1.6)
3. Orthoses should be considered for symptom relief in patients with thumb-base OA. Long-term use is advocated	A	9.3 (1.0)
4. Topical treatments are preferred over systemic treatments because of safety reasons. Topical NSAIDs are the first pharmacological topical treatment of choice	A	8.6 (1.8)
5. Oral analgesics, particularly NSAIDs, should be considered for a limited duration for relief of symptoms	A	9.4 (0.9)
6. Chondroitin sulfate may be used in patients with hand OA for pain relief and improvement in functioning	A	7.3 (2.7)
7. Intra-articular injections of glucocorticoids should not generally be used in patients with hand OA but may be considered in patients with painful interphalangeal joints	A	7.9 (2.4)
8. Patients with hand OA should not be treated with conventional or biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs	A	8.8 (1.8)
9. Surgery should be considered for patients with structural abnormalities when other treatment modalities have not been sufficiently effective in relieving pain. Trapeziectomy should be considered in patients with thumb-base OA and arthrodesis or arthroplasty in patients with interphalangeal OA	D	9.4 (1.4)
10. Long-term follow-up of patients with hand OA should be adapted to the patient’s individual needs	D	9.5 (1.7)

Aged care funding confirmed

Addressing MBS access for pharmacists

Making pay and working conditions a priority

Other commitments

Actions speak louder than words

How can you make a difference?

Reaping the benefits

A pharmacy service blueprint

Top tips for aspiring sharks

New career heights

Get involved

Changing fortunes

Retaining pharmacists

Pharmacists’ role in opioid management

Promoting the standard in a community setting

Carefully dispensing opioids

Opioid safety is everyone’s responsibility

1. Perfect your co-administration technique

2. Patient care improves when barriers are removed

3. Remind overseas travellers to get vaccinated against flu at least 2 weeks before flying

4. Protecting children under 3 is a priority

5. Queensland-based pharmacists can vaccinate children 5 years and older

1. ATAGI recommends influenza vaccines for everyone over 6 months of age

2. NIP vaccines won’t arrive until early April. Eligible patients should wait

3. You need to check AIR before every jab (and upload it, too)

4. Despite administering COVID-19 vaccines, pharmacists still can’t vaccinate against influenza in kids <10 years

5. Children <3 years have never been exposed to influenza and are now a priority

6. Influenza vaccination should be offered throughout the flu season, not just at the start

PSA continues to fight to remove barriers to vaccination

Endometriosis quick facts

Periods shouldn’t be this painful

Professional obligation to oversee medicine profile

Resources

Case scenario

Learning objectives

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Introduction

Illicit drug use and adverse events in Australia

What are novel psychoactive substances?

What is MDMA?

Drug checking in Australia

The drug checking process

What is the evidence?

Knowledge to practice

Case scenario continued

Conclusion

Key points

Case scenario

Learning objectives

Already read the CPD in the journal? Scroll to the bottom to SUBMIT ANSWERS.

Introduction

Aetiology and pathophysiology

Signs and symptoms

Diagnosis

Staging

Screening and prevention

Smoking cessation

Management of lung cancer

Targeted therapy – monoclonal antibodies

Chemotherapy NSCLC

Chemotherapy SCLC

Palliative care

Management of adverse effects of lung cancer treatment

Patient resources

Knowledge to practice

Case scenario continued

Conclusion

Key points

Case scenario

Learning objectives

Already read the CPD in the journal? Scroll to the bottom to SUBMIT ANSWERS.

Introduction

Statistical measures

Calculating the NNT

Interpreting the NNT

Informing patients about risk

Case scenario continued

Conclusion

Key points

Case scenario