Table 1 – Types of vertigo (non-exhaustive list)[/caption]
Vomiting
In older people, dizziness significantly increases the risk of falls.7 Implementing appropriate interventions to address modifiable risk factors such as dizziness is of paramount importance. In cases of drug-induced dizziness, deprescribing can be considered if the medicine can be safely reduced, discontinued or substituted to prevent inappropriate prescribing cascades of potentially inappropriate medicines (PIM), especially in the context of older people.29
A national education program for pharmacists funded by the Australian Government under the Quality Use of Diagnostics, Therapeutics and Pathology program.[/caption]
The hypothalamus houses neurons that produce neuropeptides called orexin A and B, which were discovered in 1998, and represent one of the most exciting discoveries in sleep medicine.5,13–15 Orexin-producing neurons help us stay awake and alert, especially when we really need to focus, which is critical for survival.5,14 These neurons reach out to many brain areas that use other wakefulness messengers such as acetylcholine, dopamine, histamine, serotonin and noradrenaline. These areas ‘talk back’ to the hypothalamus, to further boost wakefulness signals.5 Similarly, the thalamus is an important region that also serves to relay wakefulness signals from the RAS.5
Another dual orexin receptor antagonist (DORA), vornorexant*, is under development and currently undergoing clinical trials.28 
Other medicines such as dimdazenil* (partial positive allosteric modulator at GABAA specific to alpha-1 and alpha-5 GABAA receptor subtypes)41 and zuranolone* (positive allosteric modulator for GABAA) have also been tested, with positive outcomes in trials. Zuranolone* is marketed overseas specifically for postnatal depression, but clinical trials for its use in insomnia are ongoing.40
Kristy Carter (she/her)
Louise Edwards (she/her) Influenza vaccines: what pharmacists need to know for 2022
After 2 years of low influenza rates due to COVID-19, the 2022 flu season is unpredictable, and could be a whopper. Here are six things you need to know.
Tasmanian pharmacists forge on as hospitals shut amid Stage 4 COVID-19...
As hospitals and all non-essential businesses in Burnie on Tasmania’s north-west coast shut down to deal with the coronavirus pandemic, pharmacists are feeling the pressure – but finding ways to carry on.
Pharmacist prescribing of melatonin
Melatonin is a naturally occurring hormone responsible for regulating the body’s circadian rhythm. Here's when pharmacists can prescribe it.
So you want to be a pharmacist prescriber?
This state just made pharmacist prescribing permanent, with others to follow. Here's what pharmacists need to know to embrace this new role.
Laudanum – a panacea for all human woes?
Laudanum’s use, and abuse, has set the tone for the use and abuse of opiates from the 17th century until the present day.
From...
UTI treatment pilot program starts in Queensland pharmacies
Queensland women now have access to immediate advice and treatment, including supply of antibiotics when appropriate, for uncomplicated urinary tract infections through their participating community pharmacy.
